Review: ‘Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves’ delivers hijinks and fun in new adaptation

Just when you think you’re done watching increasingly tangled blockbuster franchises that have long overstayed their welcome, along comes “Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves,” an action-comedy caper based on the most popular tabletop role-playing game ever, upending all your misgivings.Yes, it’s got the familiar Marvel brand of humor down to a pat with funny zings and quips flying at you every minute of its over two-hour-long runtime, but in this movie, it works in its favor

For anyone familiar with playing Dungeons & Dragons, a game where friends get together to tell fantastical stories with the help of complex rules and a lot of odd-shaped dice, you’ll know that humor and fun are baked into its very DNA.

You could be fighting the scariest monster or playacting a tragic backstory, but, above the table, you’re still goofing off with your friends while stuffing your face with snacks.

Directors John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein show that they both recognize and respect this inherent quality of the game and turn the dial to 11 on it, and, voila, you have a perfect adaptation that follows a motley crew of almost-heroes who need to steal a powerful artifact from an evil wizard to save the world.

But what about the people who’ve never played D&D, you ask? If you don’t know your Magic Missile from your Misty Step or your Mordenkainen from your Elminster, we’re happy to report that “Honor Among Thieves” still works for you.

While fans will no doubt spend the length of the movie trying to spot spells and parse through lore drops, the movie stands on its two feet, even if the viewer can make no meaningful connection to a name like Baldur’s Gate (a famous campaign setting in the game, which has also spawned several video games).

This is mostly thanks to the film’s cast, who form the scrappy little adventuring party of “Honor Among Thieves.” The band of misfits is led by Chris Pine’s charismatic bard, Edgin. A better casting choice could not have been made for this role, and Pine turns on his lovable allure to good effect.Michelle Rodriguez is the muscle of the group, as the formidable barbarian Holga. And bringing up the rear of the group are Simon, the sorcerer with self-esteem issues, played to perfection by Justice Smith, and Doric, the tiefling druid who can wildshape herself into both cute woodland creatures as well as massive monstrosities, played by Sophia Lillis.

But, as a surprise to probably no one, “Bridgerton” breakout star Rege-Jean Page is the scene-stealer of this movie as the righteous paladin Xenk. His guileless, honorable conduct and bravery serve as a foil to the party’s shenanigans.

And rounding out the cast is Hugh Grant who looks like he’s having the most fun playing Forge Fitzwilliam, the current smarmy leader of Neverwinter.

Apart from the stellar cast, the film deals with the concept of found family in a way that feels fresh and real. Especially the friendship between Pine’s Edgin and Rodriguez’s Holga is a unique take on platonic relationships that viewers might appreciate and that feels genuinely lived-in and authentic.

And that’s it, really.  If you’re looking for hijinks, laughter and feel-good vibes that will follow you long after you’ve left the theater, “Dungeons and Dragons: Honor Among Thieves” is for you.

Saudi entertainment events attract 120m visitors

Saudi Arabia’s entertainment sector has attracted more than 120m visitors to events including football matches, music concerts, restaurant openings, cultural events and more.

audi Arabia’s entertainment sector has attracted more than 120m visitors since, 2019.

Highlight events included all-star football matches, restaurant openings, cultural events and more than 1,380 music concerts.

Turki bin Abdul Mohsen Al Al Sheikh, the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the General Entertainment Authority (GEA), Advisor at the Royal Court announced the figures, reporting data from 2019 until the first quarter of 2023.

Entertainment in Saudi Arabia

Al Sheikh said that the record number comes as a culmination of support from Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister for the emerging sector.

Al Sheikh said that among what the GEA has achieved during this period were organizing the largest Holy Quran and Azan competition in the world, and issuing 11,136 licenses for various entertainment and support activities after the launch of the New Licensing System in 2019 for nine entertainment and support activities.

In addition, 470 entertainment destinations have been licensed in more than 42 cities and governorates in the Kingdom, and more than 1,402 restaurants have been licensed in 50 cities and governorates in the Kingdom with more than 3,728 permits, as well as licensing more than 3,738 establishments in the areas of recreational and support activities.

Al-Sheikh said that the activities amounted to 8,732 during the aforementioned period, including activities, entertainment shows, and live performances in restaurants and cafes.

He also pointed out that the number of days of events reached more than 76 thousand days, including more than 1,381 concerts.

Moreover, more than 82 plays were held during the same period, with more than 350 theatrical performances, and more than 6,610 talented performers were enabled to participate in events and live shows in restaurants and cafes in addition to holding one of the most prominent art festivals interested in the entertainment industry (Joy Awards) in three editions.This came along with organising one of the most important festivals in the world for playing the oud (Oud Festival), with unprecedented prizes in three editions, in addition to a major chess tournament and two baloot tournaments.

In terms of football, the Super Classico Championship was held between Brazil and Argentina, the Maradona Cup between Barcelona and Boca Juniors, and the Riyadh Season Cup between Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) against stars of Saudi Arabia’s Al Hilal and Al Nassr.

The GEA also organized the Beauty Competition for Arabian Horses and more than 50 exhibitions in various fields, including animation, games, cars, jewellery and others.

Al Sheikh said the authority’s sponsorship of many television shows and series, including the “Ramez” pranks show, the “Tash Ma Tash” series, the “Saudi Idol” talent show, and the “Bodyguard” play, in addition to holding more than 12 poetry evenings, and organizing more than five WWE shows.

The largest and most modern worldwide “Merwas” art and entertainment factory has also been established for music recording, podcasting and cinematography, and includes 22 studios in one building, which is certified as the best studio in the world by Guinness World Records.

Al Sheikh pointed out that the GEA has obtained several Guinness World Records certificates, which contributed to the creation of a large number of direct and indirect jobs.

LIV Golf in talks about women’s tour, says Greg Norman

  • LIV Golf sparked turmoil in the sport when it launched last year
  • Maiden Australian leg features 54-hole, no-cut tour features 48 players in 12 teams
  • Golf’s rebel LIV tour is considering creating a women’s circuit and has approached American and European players who are keen to be involved, chief executive Greg Norman said Thursday.LIV Golf sparked turmoil in the sport when it launched last year with the backing of Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, luring star players away from the men’s US PGA Tour with lucrative contracts.
    Norman now has his eye on doing the same with the women.
    “That is a discussion we have internally on a regular basis,” he said in Adelaide ahead of the maiden Australian leg of the 54-hole, no-cut tour, which features 48 players in 12 teams.
    “I have personally had discussions with individual LPGA Tour players, LET Tour players, Ladies European Tour. They love what our product is showcasing.
    “They ask all the time, ‘How can we get involved?’ We’d love to see a LIV ladies series.”
    But Norman is also conscious that he first needs to get the men’s version right, with the tour still finding its feet in only its second season.
    While the Australia event this week is a sell-out, the circuit has met resistance elsewhere from traditionalists and critics who charge that it is helping Saudi Arabia “sportswash” its human rights record.
    “From our perspective, last year was a beta season. We had eight events. This year was our first season where we’re kicking off,” he said.
    “We can only drink out of a fire hydrant so much, so we have a lot of opportunities and initiatives coming across our plate.
    “Our focus is to make sure this year we produce what we’re producing here from day one, 2023, and then going forward we’re looking what are the best opportunities to build on to what we have today.
    “But the answer to the question is yes, we talk about it (women’s version) internally, and I have had discussions with individual lady players, professional players.”

Pierre Abou Diwan to represent UAE at Rotax MAX Challenge Grand Finals in Bahrain

10-year-old UAE Champion has high hopes for the December event.

After winning the UAE Rotax Max Challenge championship in the Micro Max category during 2022-2023, Pierre Abou Diwan is now preparing to represent the UAE in the 23rd edition of the Rotax MAX Challenge 2023 World Grand Finals Challenge in Bahrain.

Being held for the second time in the Bahrain International Karting Circuit, Sakhir, from 2nd to 9th December 2023, the exciting tournament will witness almost 300 champion drivers in action.

Following his debut season, Pierre said, “I am very pleased with this victory that comes after great hard work and continuous training. I wish to thank everyone who helped me win this challenge – my team George Gibbons Motorsport (GGM), my coaches, and my school Lycée Libanais Francophone Privé Meydan, particularly my family, and parents, who have always been my greatest support.”

Best drivers

He added, “Competing in the world finals with the best karting drivers from around the world is a great honor, and I am proud to be representing the UAE at this world championship.”

The talented driver from Lebanon is currently making great efforts to prepare for the world challenge in Bahrain, which is a new starting point for his journey toward the international Karting scene.

Pierre trains on track two to three days a week and keeps up with his physical and mental fitness. In addition, his mother ensures that he does all his homework and exam studying in advance when there is a race weekend, especially when traveling is involved.

Like every karting driver, Pierre dreams of making it to Formula 1 one day. He knows it’s a long, complicated, expensive road, but he is determined to make it in motorsport.

Belgian celebrity Debby Gommeren opens marketing company in Dubai


Belgian celebrity Debby Gommeren opens marketing company in Dubai

Debby Gommeren, better known from her career as an international model and singer has recently opened DGM, a marketing company that is poised to take over the marketing business in Dubai with its creative solutions.
Originally from Belgium, Debby lived and worked in the United States for over five years before settling in Dubai more than two years ago now. It took her more than a year to build her company ‘DGM’. She says she prefers not to rush things. By taking her time to search and find the best graphic designers around the world with an unique , creative, high class style, she can guarantee to provide the best quality services for her clients. ‘Quality over quantity’ she says. She and her team are providing comprehensive marketing services, including branding, advertisements, video commercials, photoshoots, banners, social media marketing, building websites, logo design, and even the creation of custom crypto coins.

With her years of experience in the entertainment industry and working with so many different brands , companies , celebrities, and products worldwide , she knows like no other how this business works. With her ambition and passion for creativity she became an expert in this field. And she uses this expertise to help her clients to achieve their goals.
Although her business ‘DGM’ is already up and running, the official opening of her brand new office in Business Bay (overlooking the iconic Burj Khalifa) is scheduled for next month, and will be attended by some VIP clients / guests by invitation only.

If you need support with social media marketing, entertainment industry insights, or any other marketing needs, Debby and her DGM team are there to help you.

Instagram : @debbygmarketing
Website : www.debbygmarketing.com

DEWA launches 4th batch of Master’s Programme in Future Energy Systems & Technology

HE Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, MD&CEO of Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA), has launched the 4th batch of the Master’s Programme in Future Energy Systems & Technology, in cooperation with the University of California, Berkeley USA (UC Berkeley).

This supports DEWA’s ongoing efforts to empower young Emirati employees. The virtual launching was attended by Professor Tarek Zohdi, the Programme Director at UC Berkeley College of Engineering, Dr Yousef Al Akraf, Executive Vice President of Business Support and Human Resources at DEWA, and officials from UC Berkeley and DEWA. With 30 students in the 4th batch, the total number of participants in the programme has reached 173 male and female employees.

In his speech at the launch event, HE Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, MD&CEO of DEWA, welcomed the students of the 4th batch and commended the strategic partnership with UC Berkeley to build and sharpen the capabilities of the next generation of Emirati engineers and young innovators in clean and renewable energy technologies. He also thanked UC Berkeley professors and supervisors for their efforts and fruitful cooperation with DEWA.

“Dubai has become the hub for innovation and skilled talent thanks to the wise vision and directives of His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai. We strive to prepare and empower a generation that will keep pace with the government of the future and has a futuristic mindset, and we adopt a comprehensive strategy to invest in our staff. DEWA launched the master’s degree in Future Energy Systems and Technology with the University of California, Berkeley in 2019. It is a part of our ongoing efforts to consolidate the UAE and Dubai’s role as a leading hub for shaping the future. This programme has been developed as a unique and futuristic Masters programme to educate UAE nationals,”

said Al Tayer.

Al Tayer encouraged the employees participating in the programme to abide by the highest scientific and professional standards, moral values and positivity. He said that the best research faculty from UC Berkeley would teach them cutting-edge subjects, such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Renewable Generation Systems, and Cybersecurity, which are necessary to master the disruptive technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, contribute to the green economy transition, and promote climate change efforts.

“We believe that you will greatly benefit from this programme as we aim for technically savvy, competent and future employees who will lead our current and future initiatives. We are counting on you to be sincere, quality-focused, thoughtful, and transformative in your approaches and actions,”

Al Tayer concluded, addressing the students.

Dr Yousef Al-Akraf, Executive Vice President of Business Support and Human Resources at DEWA, said that DEWA is committed to developing the capabilities of its employees and encourages them to learn continuously. To achieve this, DEWA has established partnerships with several prestigious international universities and research centres. He noted that DEWA designed the Master’s Programme in Future Energy Systems & Technology in collaboration with UC Berkeley for Emirati employees to obtain a higher degree in a futuristic and unique domain that allows them to learn advanced topics. These enhance their skills and capabilities to respond to developments, keep pace with changes, and acquire the necessary skills to anticipate and shape the future.

UAE announces global competition for start-ups

It is to be launched ahead of COP28.

The UAE Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology (MoIAT) is to hold a global start-up competition for technology ventures focussed on sustainability and decarbonisation.

The competition, launched ahead of COP28, will be for transformative start-ups seeking to have a global impact to showcase and pitch new innovations and technologies.

It seeks to provide them with the opportunity to learn from some of the best and brightest minds working in the fields of sustainability, manufacturing and technology.

The competition will also provide the startups with the opportunity to further develop and deploy their technologies in the UAE in collaboration with various industry partners.

Taking place at the Make it in the Emirates Forum from 31st May to 1st June, the competition will be open to just 24 start-ups from all over the world

The Ministry has created the ‘Make it in the Emirates Start-up Competition’ to provide technology start-ups with a platform where they can meet investors and network with policy makers and industry partners.

The Make it in the Emirates Startup Competition seeks to enable forward-looking technology startups with pioneering sustainability related innovations that can transform and green existing industries, while also seeding the green industries of the future.

Tariq Al Hashimi, Director of Advanced Technology Adoption and Development at MoIAT, said, “We are living in an age in which start-ups have the power to disrupt entire industries and rewrite the playbook. These startups also have promising solutions for some of the world’s most pressing issues including climate change”.

He, however, pointed out that access to funding and other enablers remains a huge challenge for startups all over the world.

“That is why the ministry is leveraging the Make it in the Emirates Forum as a platform to provide promising tech-driven, sustainability-focused companies with a stage at one of the region’s largest and most attended industrial investment events to pitch, learn and connect,” he said.

The deadline for submitting applications for participation in the competition is May 5.

The 24 start-ups will initially be selected from the pool of submissions based on the innovation they have demonstrated, their disruptive potential, their scalability and sustainability, as well as their marketing potential, competitive advantage, and positive social impact.

The judging panel will include representatives from Aspire, EDGE Group, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Technology Innovation Institute, Dubai Industrial City, UAE University and Strata.

The competition is one of several initiatives launched under the Make it in the Emirates umbrella.

‘Make it in the Emirates’ aims to attract investors, industrialists and innovators to the UAE to benefit from the country’s competitive advantages.

 

LG’s Eid Gift Guide: Spoil your tech savvy friends with latest innovative products

Impress Your Tech-Savvy Family and Friends with LG’s Latest Monitors for Tech Enthusiasts, Professionals and Gamers.

With Eid Al Fitr just around the corner, it is time to remind our loved ones that we are grateful for them. LG Electronics (LG) has the perfect gifts to match different audiences’ needs. Whether you have a tech lover on your list, or those looking for enhanced productivity and becoming masters at multitasking, LG offers an array of innovative monitors that are designed to meet the diverse needs of today’s tech fanatics – gamers, students, business users and multimedia professionals.

Unparalleled Gaming Experience

Take gaming to the next level with the newly launched LG 45” UltraGear OLED Curved Monitor (45GR95QE model). Featuring the 45-inch WQHD (3440×1440) OLED curved display with a 21:9 aspect ratio and 800R curvature, the monitor delivers the stunning picture quality that allows gamers to enjoy a fully immersive experience. With a 1,500,00:1 contrast ratio, DCI-P3 98.5% colour gamut, HDR10 and OLED pixel dimming, it offers true-to-life imagery and accurate colour representation, making it perfect for gaming or streaming. Additionally, the monitor’s industry-leading 240Hz refresh rate and 0.03ms GTG response time ensure blazing-fast speed and smooth gameplay for an unmatched gaming experience.

Enhanced Productivity

For those who spend long hours at their desk, a monitor from LG’s Ergo series would make the perfect gift. The LG DualUp monitor with Ergo stand features two 21.5-inch screens (16:9 aspect ratio) stacked into one single display, saving space on the desk and enhancing work efficiency. The Ergo stand enables easy adjustments of extend, retract, swivel, pivot, height and tilt, allowing users to set the perfect position of the screen for a healthier, more comfortable experience. Furthermore, the monitor’s SDQHD Nano IPS display with DCI-P3 98.5% colour gamut ensures vibrant colour reporudction, making it perfect for multimedia professionals.

Unmatched Multitasking

LG’s UltraWide Monitors are ideal gifts for those who need to accomplish multiple tasks at once. The monitors are available in different sizes, ranging from 25 to 34 inches, offering ample screen space to work on multiple projects simultaneously. LG’s IPS display supports a wide colour spectrum and offers outstanding brightness while providing a wide viewing angle. Additionally, LG’s UltraWide Monitor can become a productivity hub with a variety of connectivity options, including RJ45 (LAN port) for wired Ethernet and USB Type-C, allowing power delivery, data transferring and connection to devices with only a single cable.

Dubai received 674,000 medical tourists who spent $270m in 2022

They were primarily from Asia, Europe, Arab and GCC countries, emirate’s health authority says

Dubai received 674,000 medical tourists who spent Dh992 million ($270 million) last year, an increase of Dh262 million from 2021.

Thirty-nine per cent of the medical tourists who came to the emirate last year were from Asian countries while 22 per cent were from Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States, and 21 per cent from Arab and GCC countries, the Dubai Health Authority said.

“Dubai’s ability to provide high-quality patient-centred medical care has accelerated its growth as an Arab, regional and international health care destination,” said Awadh Al Ketbi, director general of the DHA.

“Dubai’s strategic location, safety, exceptional infrastructure and world-leading amenities add to the factors that have raised its status as a medical tourism hub.”

Dubai received 630,000 international health tourists in 2021, a DHA report said last year. Spending by international patients stood at about Dh730 million in 2021, the findings showed.

The UAE and Dubai have established themselves as leading medical tourism centres.

The Emirates was ranked as the leading medical tourism destination in the GCC, according to a 2021 report by the US-based Medical Tourism Association.

Dubai, in particular, was ranked by the Medical Tourism Index as the number one Arab destination for medical tourism and was six on a list of the 46 most unique international medical tourism countries.

The GCC’s current healthcare expenditure is expected to reach $135.5 billion in 2027, implying an annualised growth rate of 5.4 per cent from $104.1 billion in 2022, according to Alpen Capital.

The three specialities that reported the highest number of medical tourists in Dubai last year were dermatology, dentistry and gynaecology, the latest DHA report said.

Medical tourists from Asia, Europe and Africa, including those from GCC and Arab countries, also visited the emirate to see medics in the orthopaedic, plastic surgery, ophthalmology and fertility treatment fields, the findings showed.

Dubai’s vision to provide a world-class healthcare model and an integrated medical care system — which offers state-of-the-art centres and treatment methods, advanced technology, smart solutions and highly-qualified professionals across all fields of medicine — has driven its global competitiveness in the sector, Mr Al Ketbi said.

The DHA is committed to attracting investment in the health care sector by collaborating with international institutions to establish centres that can meet growing treatment needs across all specialities, he said.

Thirty-five per cent of dermatology patients in Dubai last year were from Asian countries, followed by 26 per cent from Europe and 20 per cent from Arab and GCC countries, according to the DHA.

Meanwhile, 37 per cent of dentistry patients in the emirate hailed from Arab and GCC countries, followed by 29 per cent from Asia and 19 per cent from Europe, the report found.

Similarly, 54 per cent of gynaecology patients last year were from Asia, followed by 18 per cent from Europe and 13 per cent from Arab and GCC countries.

UAE Ramadan 2023: 5 tips to stay healthy, lose weight during the Holy month

Fasting during Ramadan can be a challenging period for those who struggle to maintain healthy habits.

Ramadan is the holiest month in the Islamic calendar, during which Muslims around the world fast from dawn until dusk. It is a time of reflection, spiritual renewal, and increased devotion to God.

Fasting during Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, which are the basic acts of worship that are central to the practice of the Islamic faith. During this month, Muslims abstain from food, drink, and other physical needs during the daylight hours as a form of worship and to gain a deeper understanding of their faith.

The fast is broken each day at sunset with a meal called iftar, and it is customary to invite friends and family to share in this meal.

However, it can be a challenging period for those who struggle to maintain healthy habits and avoid overindulging in food during the pre-dawn suhoor or the evening iftar meals, according to Maha Shahin, Clinical Nutrition Consultant at Allurion Dietitian Board.

According to research, only some people lose weight during Ramadan, and nearly 60 percent of individuals put on weight during the holy month despite fasting, Shahin said.

That being said, she shared a five top tips with Arabian Business reads to stay healthy and even lose weight during Ramadan.

1. Choose ‘whole foods’

The first tip is to plan ahead and recognise the difference between fasting for Ramadan and regular or intermittent fasting.

While intermittent fasting allows for zero-calorie liquids like water, tea, and coffee, Ramadan fasting requires not eating or drinking anything between sunrise and sunset.

“Therefore, the strict requirements around Ramadan make it even more critical to plan ahead and ensure a healthy intake of vitamins and nutrients and enough hydration during the holy month,” she said.

Do not skip suhoor, Shahin recommends, as it provides a wholesome start to your day and fuels your body with the energy it needs to power through daily activities without feeling tired or fatigued.

Choose whole foods and complex carbohydrates like eggs, beans, lentils, chickpeas, oats, fruits, and vegetables that provide a steadier energy source throughout the day, she said.

In contrast, processed foods and simple carbohydrates are digested and processed more quickly, often leaving you feeling hungry soon after eating, she added. “Also, try low-fat dairy products like Greek yogurt and foods that include unsaturated fats – unsalted nuts and salmon are good options.”

2. Break your fast with healthy snacks

Breaking your fast thoughtfully and intentionally is also crucial in achieving your weight loss and healthy eating goals during Ramadan.

“Avoid eating a large iftar right after the Maghrib azan, which can result in over-eating. It’s better to break your eating down into smaller portions to give the body time to properly digest the food. Iftar can always be followed by healthy snacks afterwards if required,” Shahin explained.

She recommends following iftar with healthy snacks like dried fruits and raw nuts to boost natural sugar and energy levels.

3. Reduce screen time for a good night’s sleep

Getting a good night’s sleep is essential during Ramadan to help you plan and eat healthy meals. Poor sleep can affect hormones, change appetite and hunger, and make fasting even more challenging, Shahin said.

“Reducing screen time before bed or having a relaxing bedtime routine can help your body and mind wind down and prepare you for sleep. Some people aim for a minimum of four hours of sleep after iftar. They then wake for suhoor and fajr before getting a few more hours of sleep and starting the day.”

You can also consider taking a 20-30 minute nap in the afternoon if your schedule allows it, she added.

4. Take a 15-minute walk daily

Lastly, staying active during Ramadan is critical to maintaining a healthy lifestyle and weight.

Daily walks of 15 to 20 minutes can work wonders for circulation, digestion, energy levels, and mental health.

Short resistance training sessions can also be an excellent way to fit in a burst of exercise on a busy day.

“Exercising about two hours after iftar can help to aid digestion and ensure you don’t go to bed feeling too full. While activity levels are key to a healthy lifestyle and maintaining a healthy weight, combining them with mindful eating is also essential,” she said.

Combining activity levels with mindful eating is essential for staying healthy during Ramadan.

5. Set realistic goals

Getting into a healthy routine for suhoor and iftar before the first day of Ramadan can set realistic goals and patterns of eating that are easy to stick to.

Prioritising eating healthily and exercising regularly all year round is crucial for maintaining a healthy weight and lifestyle.

“When it comes to diet, your food should be balanced and varied – and if you’re looking to lose weight, Ramadan can be a great time to start the wheels in motion,” Shahin concluded.