Chewing gum is a popular choice for many, whether it’s for fresh breath, a quick energy boost, or stress relief. But with concerns over the safety of some ingredients, one question often comes up: Can chewing gum cause cancer?
Khaleej Times spoke to several experts about this, and the response was clear: There is no direct evidence linking chewing gum to cancer.
However, certain ingredients commonly found in gum could pose health risks. “Chewing gum itself isn’t dangerous, but some ingredients used in manufacturing it have been studied, especially when consumed in large quantities over time,” said Prof Humaid Al Shamsi, medical oncologist and CEO of Burjeel Cancer Institute.
Experts have pointed out a few substances that could be health risks:
Aspartame: A sweetener often found in gum. Some animal studies have suggested a possible link between aspartame and cancers like leukemia or lymphoma. However, human studies haven’t confirmed this. “While global health organisations like the FDA and WHO consider aspartame safe in normal amounts, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified it as a ‘possible carcinogen’ based on limited animal data,” explained Prof Al Shamsi.
Sorbitol and Xylitol: These sugar alcohols are used in sugar-free gum. “While they’re generally safe, consuming large amounts can cause digestive issues like bloating or diarrhoea. However, there is no cancer risk linked to these ingredients,” said Prof Al Shamsi.
Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT): This preservative is used to extend the shelf life of gum. Some animal studies have raised concerns about its possible carcinogenic effects, but human studies haven’t found any major risks. Regulatory agencies like the FDA consider BHT safe in low levels. “Due to public concern, many gum brands have chosen to eliminate BHT from their products,” said Dr Annu Susan George, consultant medical oncology at Medcare Royal Specialty Hospital.
Titanium Dioxide: Used as a whitening agent in some gums, titanium dioxide is considered safe by many health authorities. “However, the IARC has classified it as a possible carcinogen when inhaled in large amounts—though this concern is more relevant for industrial exposure rather than chewing gum,”
