We are now in the last few days of Ramadan, and one important aspect of fasting – beyond the spiritual and religious significance, according to doctors – is its health benefit.
“Fasting is a unique spiritual and physical experience that can provide numerous benefits to overall health, including eye health,” Dr Wissam Charafeddin, specialist ophthalmologist at Barraquer Eye Hospital, told Khaleej Times over the weekend.
Dr Charafeddin noted the effects of fasting on eye health “are not as frequently explored. But there are scientific findings on how fasting influences ocular health, particularly its impact on oxidative stress (imbalance in the body that leads to cell damage), inflammation, and conditions such as dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy (a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina of the eyes due to diabetes).”
“By promoting cellular repair, reducing oxidative stress, and improving blood sugar regulation, fasting may contribute to long-term visual well-being,” he added, noting: “Ensuring adequate hydration and a nutrient-rich diet can further enhance these benefits.”
Dr Charafeddin said oxidative stress is a major contributor to several eye disorders, including cataracts and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). “Studies indicate that fasting can enhance the body’s antioxidant defenses by stimulating autophagy, a process that removes damaged cellular components. Research suggests that caloric restriction and intermittent fasting (IF) may boost antioxidant enzyme activity, which could protect retinal cells from oxidative harm.”
“Evidence suggests that fasting can lower systemic inflammation by reducing levels of some pro-inflammatory mediators. Reduced inflammation from fasting may lower the risk or slow the progression of inflammatory eye conditions like uveitis and diabetic retinopathy,” he added.
Dr Charafeddin also explained “fasting has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, which are critical for preventing diabetic retinopathy.
“Fasting can help stabilise blood sugar levels thus reducing fluctuations that contribute to retinal damage. Improved glucose control may slow the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Individuals with diabetes, however, must monitor their blood sugar closely while fasting to prevent dangerous drops in glucose levels (hypoglycemia), which can lead to temporary vision disturbances, including blurred vision and difficulty focusing,” he pointed out.
In this regard, “it is recommended that diabetic individuals consult a healthcare professional before adopting a fasting regimen to ensure safe blood sugar management and avoid potential complications,” Dr Charafeddin underscored.
How to remedy dry eye syndrome
Dr Muhsen Samaan, ophthalmologist and medical director at Barraquer Eye Hospital UAE, also noted: “Fasting individuals can maintain good eye health and fully reap the health benefits of fasting without adverse visual effects.”
He noted refraining from fluid intake for extended periods – such as during Ramadan – reduces overall body hydration, impacting tear production and exacerbating dry eye symptoms.
Dr Muhsen Samaan
“Some studies suggest individuals with dry eye syndrome may temporarily experience worsened symptoms during fasting, especially in hot and dry environments. However, these effects can be minimised by increasing water intake during iftar and suhoor, as well as by reducing caffeine consumption since caffeine can further contribute to dehydration,” Dr Samaan explained.
He added “some individuals may experience temporary blurred vision during fasting but this can be resolved upon rehydration and nutritional balance restoration.”
Dr Samaan shared the following tips for maintaining eye health during fasting:
- Drink sufficient water during iftar and suhoor to prevent dehydration.
- Limit caffeine intake as caffeine increases fluid loss, exacerbating dry eye.
- Consume antioxidant-rich foods that are rich in vitamin A and omega-3 fatty acids which support retinal health and reduce oxidative stress.
- Practice visual rest by minimising prolonged screen time during fasting hours to prevent eye strain.
- Use lubricating eye drops for those suffering from dry eye syndrome. Preservative-free lubricating drops are permissible during fasting according to religious guidelines.
